1.5% Propolis cera to olive oil Oleo europea by weight.
Properties of propolis:
* Provides a seal stronger than beeswax alone.
* Protects from some bacteria, viruses, and fungi.
* Has anti-cancer and anti-tumour action
* Is anti-inflammatory
* Speeds healing of herpes sores

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Propolis is a sticky resinous substance bees use to seal their hive to insulate and thus keep their hive at a stable temperature. Bees make it from the sap of trees mixed with beeswax and saliva.

Propolis for Wound Healing
Propolis has a special compound called pinocembrin, a flavonoid that acts as an antifungal. These anti-inflammatory and antimicrobial properties make propolis helpful in wound healing. One study found that propolis can help people who have had traumatic burns heal faster by speeding up new healthy cell growth. Another study found that a topical propolis alcoholic extract was more effective than a steroid cream in reducing mast cells in oral surgery wounds. Mast cells are associated with inflammation and slowed wound healing.

Cold sores and genital herpes
Ointments that contain 3 percent propolis, such as Herstat or Coldsore-FX, may help speed healing time and reduce symptoms in both cold sores and sores from genital herpes. One study found when topical propolis was applied three times a day, it helped to heal cold sores faster than no treatment. The researchers found the propolis cream not only reduced the amount of herpes virus present in a person’s body but also protected the body against future cold sore breakouts.

Cancer
Propolis has been suggested to have a role in treating certain cancers as well. According to one study, some of the anti-cancerous effects of the substance include:
* keeping cancerous cells from multiplying
* reducing the likelihood cells will become cancerous
blocking pathways that keep cancer cells from signaling to each other
The study also suggested that propolis could be a complementary therapy — but not a sole treatment — for cancer. Another study found that taking Chinese propolis could be a helpful complementary therapy in treating breast cancer due to its anti-tumour effects on breast cancer cells.

Safety concerns
There is not yet enough evidence to determine whether or not propolis products are safe, but they’re not considered high-risk. People typically take in some propolis when they eat honey. However, if you have an allergy to honey or bees, you will also react to products containing propolis. Propolis may also cause an allergic reaction when used for a long time.

Beekeepers are some of the people most likely to have a propolis allergy because they’re around the compound so much. The typical allergic reaction is an eczema-like skin breakout. Talk to your doctor before adding propolis to your treatment plan, especially if you have existing allergies or asthma.

Barroso, P., Lopes-Rocha, R., Pereira, E. M., Marinho, S. A., de Miranda, J. L., Lima, N. L. & Verli, F. D. (2012, October). Effect of propolis on mast cells in wound healing. Inflammopharmacology, 20(5), 289-294
ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22179947

Chi-Fung Chan, G., Cheung, K., & Man-Yen Sze D. (2013, June). The immunomodulatory and anticancer properties of propolis. Clinical Reviews in Allergy & Immunology, 44(3), 262-273
ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22707327

Kurokawa, M., Wadhwani, A., Kai, H., Hidaka, M., Yoshida, H., Sugita, C., … Hagiwara, A. (2016, May). Activation of cellular immunity in herpes simplex virus type 1-infected mice by the oral administration of aqueous extract of Moringa oleifera lam leaves. Phytotherapy Research, 30(5), 797-804
ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26814058

Martinotti, S., & Ranzato, E. (2015). Propolis: a new frontier for wound healing? Burns & Trauma, 3(9)
burnstrauma.biomedcentral.com/articles/10.1186/s41038-015-0010-z

Saeed, F. et al. (2015, August 11). Propolis to curb lifestyle-related disorders: an overview [Abstract]. International Journal of Food Properties. 19(2): 420-437
tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/10942912.2012.745131

Sforcin, J. (2016, June). Biological properties and therapeutic applications of propolis. Phytotherapy Research, 30(60), 894-905
ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26988443

Xuan, H., Li, Z., Yan, H., Sang, Q., Wang., K., He, Q., … Hu, F. (2014). Antitumor activity of Chinese propolis in human breast cancer MCF-7 and MDA-MD-231 cells Evidence-Based Complementary and Alternative Medicine, 2014
hindawi.com/journals/ecam/2014/280120/abs/

Photo thanks to Wikimedia Commons and Maja Dumat - Creative Commons Licence BY 2.0